PTDF OSS is one of the most comprehensive Nigerian scholarships in terms of coverage. The award typically includes:
- Full tuition at the partner foreign university, paid directly to the institution.
- Monthly living stipend in foreign currency, sufficient for accommodation, food, and transport at the partner country’s standard student living cost.
- Return air ticket Nigeria to the partner country at the start and end of the programme.
- Book and equipment allowance for the duration of the programme.
- Medical insurance where required by the partner country.
- Visa support documentation from PTDF for embassy applications.
The total value of a single PTDF OSS award over a 12 to 24 month master’s programme can run into tens of millions of naira equivalent, making it one of the most valuable Nigerian government scholarships available.
Bond and post-scholarship obligations
PTDF awardees sign a bond committing them to return to Nigeria after the programme and serve in a relevant capacity in the Nigerian oil and gas industry (or related sector) for a specified period, typically equal to the duration of the scholarship. The bond is enforceable; awardees who breach may be required to repay the full scholarship value plus penalty.
Service can be in the public sector, academia, an oil and gas company, an engineering firm, or any relevant industry. PTDF actively maintains a register of returning scholars and connects them with industry opportunities. Many distinguished careers in Nigerian oil and gas have been built on the foundation of a PTDF OSS scholarship.
How to position your application competitively
- Strong first degree. Aim for at least 2.1; first-class is much more competitive. Build the strongest possible academic record before applying.
- Relevant discipline. Petroleum-related degrees and engineering have the highest selection rates. If your degree is in a related but less direct field (e.g., general Chemistry), strengthen your application with relevant project work, internships, or short courses.
- Provisional admission letter. Having a provisional admission letter from a UK, French, German, Chinese, or Malaysian partner university at application time is a strong signal of preparedness. Apply to target programmes early.
- Strong statement of purpose. Clear narrative on how your proposed study fits Nigerian oil and gas needs. Avoid generic statements; be specific about the gap your research will address.
- Prepare thoroughly for the qualifying exam. The exam is technical and demanding. Past Question practice plus systematic review of undergraduate fundamentals in your discipline is essential.
- Clean documents. NYSC discharge certificate verification is strict; ensure your certificate is genuine and matches your other records.
Frequently asked questions
When does the PTDF scholarship 2026 cycle open?
The application window typically opens between January and April each year. Check scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng and PTDF official social media for the exact 2026 dates. PTDF announces openings via press release, on its website, and on social media. Set reminders to check the portal from January through April.
Can I apply for PTDF without admission to a foreign university?
Recent cycles have required provisional admission at application time. Some earlier cycles allowed application without admission, with PTDF facilitating placement after selection, but this is no longer the standard. Plan to apply to your target foreign universities first; once you have a provisional or unconditional admission letter, apply for PTDF with that letter attached.
What countries does PTDF currently fund?
The standard partner countries are the United Kingdom, France, Germany, China, and Malaysia. Each cycle confirms the list and the specific approved universities and programmes per country. The UK list typically includes top engineering and geosciences universities like Imperial, UCL, Manchester, Heriot-Watt, Aberdeen, Leeds, Newcastle. The French, German, and Chinese lists include top technical universities in those countries. Confirm the current list in the cycle’s announcement.
Can I apply for both master’s and PhD at the same time?
No, you can apply for only one level per cycle. Most candidates start with the master’s scheme and later apply for the PhD scheme after completing the master’s. Some candidates with first-class undergraduate and strong research credentials apply directly to PhD. Choose the level appropriate to your current academic stage and career goals.
How competitive is the PTDF OSS scholarship?
Very competitive. Each cycle gets thousands of applications for typically a few hundred awards. The combination of strong CGPA, relevant discipline, strong qualifying exam score, and clean documentation is the standard winning profile. Many awardees apply two or three times before being selected. Use unsuccessful cycles to improve qualifying exam preparation and the strength of the application narrative.
What happens if I fail to complete the foreign programme?
If you drop out, fail, or are dismissed from the foreign programme without legitimate reason, the bond is enforced and you may be required to repay the full scholarship value disbursed up to that point. Legitimate reasons (medical hardship, family emergency) sometimes get a partial waiver or transfer to a Nigerian programme. Communicate proactively with PTDF if academic or personal difficulties arise during your programme; they often help find a viable path forward.
Related guides
Sources
Petroleum Technology Development Fund at ptdf.gov.ng; PTDF Scholarship Management Portal at scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng; PTDF press releases.
The PTDF qualifying examination is the primary selection filter. It is computer-based, written at PTDF-designated centres across Nigeria, and tests the candidate’s technical preparation for postgraduate study in the chosen field.
- General Paper. English language, comprehension, current affairs (with a strong oil and gas industry focus), general knowledge. Roughly 50 questions in 60 minutes.
- Subject Paper. Discipline-specific technical questions at honours degree level. Petroleum Engineering candidates write petroleum engineering fundamentals; Geology candidates write geological questions; Chemical Engineering candidates write reaction engineering, transport, and process control. Roughly 50 questions in 90 to 120 minutes.
The exam is challenging; PTDF intentionally sets it at a level that filters candidates who have the technical foundation for postgraduate study at top foreign universities. Strong undergraduate-level recall combined with practical application is needed. Past Question papers circulate in PTDF aspirant communities; gather what you can and practice systematically before the exam.
What the scholarship covers
PTDF OSS is one of the most comprehensive Nigerian scholarships in terms of coverage. The award typically includes:
- Full tuition at the partner foreign university, paid directly to the institution.
- Monthly living stipend in foreign currency, sufficient for accommodation, food, and transport at the partner country’s standard student living cost.
- Return air ticket Nigeria to the partner country at the start and end of the programme.
- Book and equipment allowance for the duration of the programme.
- Medical insurance where required by the partner country.
- Visa support documentation from PTDF for embassy applications.
The total value of a single PTDF OSS award over a 12 to 24 month master’s programme can run into tens of millions of naira equivalent, making it one of the most valuable Nigerian government scholarships available.
Bond and post-scholarship obligations
PTDF awardees sign a bond committing them to return to Nigeria after the programme and serve in a relevant capacity in the Nigerian oil and gas industry (or related sector) for a specified period, typically equal to the duration of the scholarship. The bond is enforceable; awardees who breach may be required to repay the full scholarship value plus penalty.
Service can be in the public sector, academia, an oil and gas company, an engineering firm, or any relevant industry. PTDF actively maintains a register of returning scholars and connects them with industry opportunities. Many distinguished careers in Nigerian oil and gas have been built on the foundation of a PTDF OSS scholarship.
How to position your application competitively
- Strong first degree. Aim for at least 2.1; first-class is much more competitive. Build the strongest possible academic record before applying.
- Relevant discipline. Petroleum-related degrees and engineering have the highest selection rates. If your degree is in a related but less direct field (e.g., general Chemistry), strengthen your application with relevant project work, internships, or short courses.
- Provisional admission letter. Having a provisional admission letter from a UK, French, German, Chinese, or Malaysian partner university at application time is a strong signal of preparedness. Apply to target programmes early.
- Strong statement of purpose. Clear narrative on how your proposed study fits Nigerian oil and gas needs. Avoid generic statements; be specific about the gap your research will address.
- Prepare thoroughly for the qualifying exam. The exam is technical and demanding. Past Question practice plus systematic review of undergraduate fundamentals in your discipline is essential.
- Clean documents. NYSC discharge certificate verification is strict; ensure your certificate is genuine and matches your other records.
Frequently asked questions
When does the PTDF scholarship 2026 cycle open?
The application window typically opens between January and April each year. Check scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng and PTDF official social media for the exact 2026 dates. PTDF announces openings via press release, on its website, and on social media. Set reminders to check the portal from January through April.
Can I apply for PTDF without admission to a foreign university?
Recent cycles have required provisional admission at application time. Some earlier cycles allowed application without admission, with PTDF facilitating placement after selection, but this is no longer the standard. Plan to apply to your target foreign universities first; once you have a provisional or unconditional admission letter, apply for PTDF with that letter attached.
What countries does PTDF currently fund?
The standard partner countries are the United Kingdom, France, Germany, China, and Malaysia. Each cycle confirms the list and the specific approved universities and programmes per country. The UK list typically includes top engineering and geosciences universities like Imperial, UCL, Manchester, Heriot-Watt, Aberdeen, Leeds, Newcastle. The French, German, and Chinese lists include top technical universities in those countries. Confirm the current list in the cycle’s announcement.
Can I apply for both master’s and PhD at the same time?
No, you can apply for only one level per cycle. Most candidates start with the master’s scheme and later apply for the PhD scheme after completing the master’s. Some candidates with first-class undergraduate and strong research credentials apply directly to PhD. Choose the level appropriate to your current academic stage and career goals.
How competitive is the PTDF OSS scholarship?
Very competitive. Each cycle gets thousands of applications for typically a few hundred awards. The combination of strong CGPA, relevant discipline, strong qualifying exam score, and clean documentation is the standard winning profile. Many awardees apply two or three times before being selected. Use unsuccessful cycles to improve qualifying exam preparation and the strength of the application narrative.
What happens if I fail to complete the foreign programme?
If you drop out, fail, or are dismissed from the foreign programme without legitimate reason, the bond is enforced and you may be required to repay the full scholarship value disbursed up to that point. Legitimate reasons (medical hardship, family emergency) sometimes get a partial waiver or transfer to a Nigerian programme. Communicate proactively with PTDF if academic or personal difficulties arise during your programme; they often help find a viable path forward.
Related guides
Sources
Petroleum Technology Development Fund at ptdf.gov.ng; PTDF Scholarship Management Portal at scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng; PTDF press releases.
PTDF applications are submitted through the PTDF Scholarship Management Portal at scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng. The portal opens for typically six to eight weeks once a year, with the timing varying between cycles (often in Q1 or Q2). Recent cycles have opened around February to April.
- Register on the PTDF scholarship portal. Account creation with active email and phone number, plus NIN verification in recent cycles.
- Complete the application form. Personal details, academic history (with first degree CGPA and class), proposed area of study, target country and programme.
- Upload documents. Birth certificate or age declaration, international passport, first degree certificate and transcript, NYSC discharge certificate, SSCE results, statement of purpose, recommendation letters (in some cycles), recent passport photograph.
- Indicate target programme and country. Select from the list of approved foreign universities and programmes for the cycle.
- Submit the application. Print the application slip with reference number.
- Sit the PTDF qualifying examination. Computer-based test at designated centres in major Nigerian cities, typically held 4 to 8 weeks after application close.
- Interview (for shortlisted candidates). Some cycles include an interview round for the top scorers from the qualifying exam.
- Final selection and award letter. Successful candidates receive a formal award letter and begin the foreign university enrolment process.
The PTDF qualifying exam
The PTDF qualifying examination is the primary selection filter. It is computer-based, written at PTDF-designated centres across Nigeria, and tests the candidate’s technical preparation for postgraduate study in the chosen field.
- General Paper. English language, comprehension, current affairs (with a strong oil and gas industry focus), general knowledge. Roughly 50 questions in 60 minutes.
- Subject Paper. Discipline-specific technical questions at honours degree level. Petroleum Engineering candidates write petroleum engineering fundamentals; Geology candidates write geological questions; Chemical Engineering candidates write reaction engineering, transport, and process control. Roughly 50 questions in 90 to 120 minutes.
The exam is challenging; PTDF intentionally sets it at a level that filters candidates who have the technical foundation for postgraduate study at top foreign universities. Strong undergraduate-level recall combined with practical application is needed. Past Question papers circulate in PTDF aspirant communities; gather what you can and practice systematically before the exam.
What the scholarship covers
PTDF OSS is one of the most comprehensive Nigerian scholarships in terms of coverage. The award typically includes:
- Full tuition at the partner foreign university, paid directly to the institution.
- Monthly living stipend in foreign currency, sufficient for accommodation, food, and transport at the partner country’s standard student living cost.
- Return air ticket Nigeria to the partner country at the start and end of the programme.
- Book and equipment allowance for the duration of the programme.
- Medical insurance where required by the partner country.
- Visa support documentation from PTDF for embassy applications.
The total value of a single PTDF OSS award over a 12 to 24 month master’s programme can run into tens of millions of naira equivalent, making it one of the most valuable Nigerian government scholarships available.
Bond and post-scholarship obligations
PTDF awardees sign a bond committing them to return to Nigeria after the programme and serve in a relevant capacity in the Nigerian oil and gas industry (or related sector) for a specified period, typically equal to the duration of the scholarship. The bond is enforceable; awardees who breach may be required to repay the full scholarship value plus penalty.
Service can be in the public sector, academia, an oil and gas company, an engineering firm, or any relevant industry. PTDF actively maintains a register of returning scholars and connects them with industry opportunities. Many distinguished careers in Nigerian oil and gas have been built on the foundation of a PTDF OSS scholarship.
How to position your application competitively
- Strong first degree. Aim for at least 2.1; first-class is much more competitive. Build the strongest possible academic record before applying.
- Relevant discipline. Petroleum-related degrees and engineering have the highest selection rates. If your degree is in a related but less direct field (e.g., general Chemistry), strengthen your application with relevant project work, internships, or short courses.
- Provisional admission letter. Having a provisional admission letter from a UK, French, German, Chinese, or Malaysian partner university at application time is a strong signal of preparedness. Apply to target programmes early.
- Strong statement of purpose. Clear narrative on how your proposed study fits Nigerian oil and gas needs. Avoid generic statements; be specific about the gap your research will address.
- Prepare thoroughly for the qualifying exam. The exam is technical and demanding. Past Question practice plus systematic review of undergraduate fundamentals in your discipline is essential.
- Clean documents. NYSC discharge certificate verification is strict; ensure your certificate is genuine and matches your other records.
Frequently asked questions
When does the PTDF scholarship 2026 cycle open?
The application window typically opens between January and April each year. Check scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng and PTDF official social media for the exact 2026 dates. PTDF announces openings via press release, on its website, and on social media. Set reminders to check the portal from January through April.
Can I apply for PTDF without admission to a foreign university?
Recent cycles have required provisional admission at application time. Some earlier cycles allowed application without admission, with PTDF facilitating placement after selection, but this is no longer the standard. Plan to apply to your target foreign universities first; once you have a provisional or unconditional admission letter, apply for PTDF with that letter attached.
What countries does PTDF currently fund?
The standard partner countries are the United Kingdom, France, Germany, China, and Malaysia. Each cycle confirms the list and the specific approved universities and programmes per country. The UK list typically includes top engineering and geosciences universities like Imperial, UCL, Manchester, Heriot-Watt, Aberdeen, Leeds, Newcastle. The French, German, and Chinese lists include top technical universities in those countries. Confirm the current list in the cycle’s announcement.
Can I apply for both master’s and PhD at the same time?
No, you can apply for only one level per cycle. Most candidates start with the master’s scheme and later apply for the PhD scheme after completing the master’s. Some candidates with first-class undergraduate and strong research credentials apply directly to PhD. Choose the level appropriate to your current academic stage and career goals.
How competitive is the PTDF OSS scholarship?
Very competitive. Each cycle gets thousands of applications for typically a few hundred awards. The combination of strong CGPA, relevant discipline, strong qualifying exam score, and clean documentation is the standard winning profile. Many awardees apply two or three times before being selected. Use unsuccessful cycles to improve qualifying exam preparation and the strength of the application narrative.
What happens if I fail to complete the foreign programme?
If you drop out, fail, or are dismissed from the foreign programme without legitimate reason, the bond is enforced and you may be required to repay the full scholarship value disbursed up to that point. Legitimate reasons (medical hardship, family emergency) sometimes get a partial waiver or transfer to a Nigerian programme. Communicate proactively with PTDF if academic or personal difficulties arise during your programme; they often help find a viable path forward.
Related guides
Sources
Petroleum Technology Development Fund at ptdf.gov.ng; PTDF Scholarship Management Portal at scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng; PTDF press releases.
The Petroleum Technology Development Fund (PTDF) runs one of the most prestigious Nigerian scholarship schemes. The PTDF Overseas Scholarship Scheme (OSS) funds master’s and PhD studies at leading universities in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, China, and Malaysia for Nigerian graduates in oil and gas-relevant disciplines. The scheme is full-cost: tuition, accommodation, monthly stipend, return air ticket, and book allowance are all covered. Selection is competitive but the applicant pool is restricted to graduates in specific disciplines aligned with the Nigerian oil and gas industry.
Last updated: May 2026 The 2026 PTDF cycle continues the standard four-country framework with additional partner programmes. Eligible disciplines focus on Petroleum Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Geosciences, Petroleum Geology, Environmental Engineering, Oil and Gas Law, and Petroleum Economics. Some cycles add specific master’s programmes in renewable energy and gas processing. This guide covers eligibility, the application process, the qualifying exam, and how to position your application competitively.
PTDF scholarship categories
- Overseas Master’s Scheme (OSS). Funds master’s programmes at partner universities in the UK, France, Germany, China, and Malaysia. Duration typically 12 to 24 months depending on the programme.
- Overseas PhD Scheme. Funds doctoral studies at the same partner countries. Duration 36 to 48 months. More competitive than the master’s scheme.
- Local Scholarship Scheme. Funds master’s and PhD at Nigerian universities in PTDF-priority disciplines. Less internationally prestigious but covers full tuition and stipend within Nigeria.
- Strategic Initiatives. Periodic special programmes (e.g., specific master’s in gas engineering at named foreign universities, or sandwich programmes combining Nigerian and foreign study). Announced as needed.
Eligibility for PTDF OSS
- Nigerian citizenship. Confirmed by birth certificate and international passport.
- First degree (B.Sc, B.Eng, BSc Honours) with minimum second-class upper division (2.1). Some specific programmes require first-class for the most competitive PhD positions.
- Eligible discipline. Petroleum, Chemical, Mechanical, Electrical, Civil Engineering, Geology, Geophysics, Geosciences, Environmental Engineering, Petroleum Geology, Computer Science (data analytics for oil and gas), Oil and Gas Law, Petroleum Economics, Process Engineering, Materials Engineering.
- NYSC discharge certificate or exemption certificate. NYSC completion is mandatory for OSS.
- Age limit. Generally 40 years and below for master’s, 45 and below for PhD. Some cycles have tightened the age cap.
- Not currently on another PTDF scholarship at any level.
- Acceptance into an approved foreign university programme (provisional acceptance is sufficient at application; firm offer required before disbursement).
How to apply
PTDF applications are submitted through the PTDF Scholarship Management Portal at scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng. The portal opens for typically six to eight weeks once a year, with the timing varying between cycles (often in Q1 or Q2). Recent cycles have opened around February to April.
- Register on the PTDF scholarship portal. Account creation with active email and phone number, plus NIN verification in recent cycles.
- Complete the application form. Personal details, academic history (with first degree CGPA and class), proposed area of study, target country and programme.
- Upload documents. Birth certificate or age declaration, international passport, first degree certificate and transcript, NYSC discharge certificate, SSCE results, statement of purpose, recommendation letters (in some cycles), recent passport photograph.
- Indicate target programme and country. Select from the list of approved foreign universities and programmes for the cycle.
- Submit the application. Print the application slip with reference number.
- Sit the PTDF qualifying examination. Computer-based test at designated centres in major Nigerian cities, typically held 4 to 8 weeks after application close.
- Interview (for shortlisted candidates). Some cycles include an interview round for the top scorers from the qualifying exam.
- Final selection and award letter. Successful candidates receive a formal award letter and begin the foreign university enrolment process.
The PTDF qualifying exam
The PTDF qualifying examination is the primary selection filter. It is computer-based, written at PTDF-designated centres across Nigeria, and tests the candidate’s technical preparation for postgraduate study in the chosen field.
- General Paper. English language, comprehension, current affairs (with a strong oil and gas industry focus), general knowledge. Roughly 50 questions in 60 minutes.
- Subject Paper. Discipline-specific technical questions at honours degree level. Petroleum Engineering candidates write petroleum engineering fundamentals; Geology candidates write geological questions; Chemical Engineering candidates write reaction engineering, transport, and process control. Roughly 50 questions in 90 to 120 minutes.
The exam is challenging; PTDF intentionally sets it at a level that filters candidates who have the technical foundation for postgraduate study at top foreign universities. Strong undergraduate-level recall combined with practical application is needed. Past Question papers circulate in PTDF aspirant communities; gather what you can and practice systematically before the exam.
What the scholarship covers
PTDF OSS is one of the most comprehensive Nigerian scholarships in terms of coverage. The award typically includes:
- Full tuition at the partner foreign university, paid directly to the institution.
- Monthly living stipend in foreign currency, sufficient for accommodation, food, and transport at the partner country’s standard student living cost.
- Return air ticket Nigeria to the partner country at the start and end of the programme.
- Book and equipment allowance for the duration of the programme.
- Medical insurance where required by the partner country.
- Visa support documentation from PTDF for embassy applications.
The total value of a single PTDF OSS award over a 12 to 24 month master’s programme can run into tens of millions of naira equivalent, making it one of the most valuable Nigerian government scholarships available.
Bond and post-scholarship obligations
PTDF awardees sign a bond committing them to return to Nigeria after the programme and serve in a relevant capacity in the Nigerian oil and gas industry (or related sector) for a specified period, typically equal to the duration of the scholarship. The bond is enforceable; awardees who breach may be required to repay the full scholarship value plus penalty.
Service can be in the public sector, academia, an oil and gas company, an engineering firm, or any relevant industry. PTDF actively maintains a register of returning scholars and connects them with industry opportunities. Many distinguished careers in Nigerian oil and gas have been built on the foundation of a PTDF OSS scholarship.
How to position your application competitively
- Strong first degree. Aim for at least 2.1; first-class is much more competitive. Build the strongest possible academic record before applying.
- Relevant discipline. Petroleum-related degrees and engineering have the highest selection rates. If your degree is in a related but less direct field (e.g., general Chemistry), strengthen your application with relevant project work, internships, or short courses.
- Provisional admission letter. Having a provisional admission letter from a UK, French, German, Chinese, or Malaysian partner university at application time is a strong signal of preparedness. Apply to target programmes early.
- Strong statement of purpose. Clear narrative on how your proposed study fits Nigerian oil and gas needs. Avoid generic statements; be specific about the gap your research will address.
- Prepare thoroughly for the qualifying exam. The exam is technical and demanding. Past Question practice plus systematic review of undergraduate fundamentals in your discipline is essential.
- Clean documents. NYSC discharge certificate verification is strict; ensure your certificate is genuine and matches your other records.
Frequently asked questions
When does the PTDF scholarship 2026 cycle open?
The application window typically opens between January and April each year. Check scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng and PTDF official social media for the exact 2026 dates. PTDF announces openings via press release, on its website, and on social media. Set reminders to check the portal from January through April.
Can I apply for PTDF without admission to a foreign university?
Recent cycles have required provisional admission at application time. Some earlier cycles allowed application without admission, with PTDF facilitating placement after selection, but this is no longer the standard. Plan to apply to your target foreign universities first; once you have a provisional or unconditional admission letter, apply for PTDF with that letter attached.
What countries does PTDF currently fund?
The standard partner countries are the United Kingdom, France, Germany, China, and Malaysia. Each cycle confirms the list and the specific approved universities and programmes per country. The UK list typically includes top engineering and geosciences universities like Imperial, UCL, Manchester, Heriot-Watt, Aberdeen, Leeds, Newcastle. The French, German, and Chinese lists include top technical universities in those countries. Confirm the current list in the cycle’s announcement.
Can I apply for both master’s and PhD at the same time?
No, you can apply for only one level per cycle. Most candidates start with the master’s scheme and later apply for the PhD scheme after completing the master’s. Some candidates with first-class undergraduate and strong research credentials apply directly to PhD. Choose the level appropriate to your current academic stage and career goals.
How competitive is the PTDF OSS scholarship?
Very competitive. Each cycle gets thousands of applications for typically a few hundred awards. The combination of strong CGPA, relevant discipline, strong qualifying exam score, and clean documentation is the standard winning profile. Many awardees apply two or three times before being selected. Use unsuccessful cycles to improve qualifying exam preparation and the strength of the application narrative.
What happens if I fail to complete the foreign programme?
If you drop out, fail, or are dismissed from the foreign programme without legitimate reason, the bond is enforced and you may be required to repay the full scholarship value disbursed up to that point. Legitimate reasons (medical hardship, family emergency) sometimes get a partial waiver or transfer to a Nigerian programme. Communicate proactively with PTDF if academic or personal difficulties arise during your programme; they often help find a viable path forward.
Related guides
Sources
Petroleum Technology Development Fund at ptdf.gov.ng; PTDF Scholarship Management Portal at scholarship.ptdf.gov.ng; PTDF press releases.




